10 Considerations for Water Features in Commercial Landscapes

When considering water features for a commercial landscape in Wisconsin’s diverse climate, there are several important factors to keep in mind:

1. Freeze-thaw cycle

Wisconsin’s winters can be harsh, with temperatures frequently dropping below freezing and then rising above it. This cycle can cause water to expand and contract, potentially damaging water features.

To mitigate this:

Use materials like reinforced concrete or specific types of stone that can withstand these cycles.
Ensure proper drainage so water doesn’t accumulate and freeze in vulnerable areas.
Consider incorporating heating elements in fountains or other features you want to operate year-round.

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2. Winterization

For features that can’t operate in freezing temperatures:

Drain all water from pipes, pumps, and basins.
Remove and store pumps indoors if possible.
Cover exposed parts to protect from snow and ice.
For ponds, use aerators or de-icers to maintain a hole in the ice for gas exchange.

3. Native plants

Wisconsin native aquatic plants like Blue Flag Iris, Marsh Marigold, or Pickerelweed are well-adapted to local conditions.

They:

Require less maintenance
Provide habitat for local wildlife
Can help filter water naturally
Enhance the local ecosystem

4. Water conservation

To minimize water loss:

Use recirculating systems
Install wind barriers to reduce evaporation and splashing
Incorporate water-efficient nozzles in fountains
Consider using captured rainwater to refill features

5. Maintenance

Regular maintenance is crucial:

Clean filters and skimmers frequently
Monitor and adjust water chemistry
Trim aquatic plants as needed
Inspect for and repair any leaks promptly
Remove debris, especially in the fall, to prevent excess organic matter from decomposing in the water

6. Safety

Ensure compliance with local regulations, which may include:

Proper fencing around deeper water features
Non-slip surfaces around water edges
Adequate lighting for nighttime safety
Clear signage about the depth and any potential hazards

7. Energy efficiency

To reduce operating costs:

Use variable speed pumps that can adjust to demand
Install timers to limit operation to business hours
Use LED lighting, which consumes less energy and lasts longer
Consider solar-powered pumps for smaller features

8. Salt tolerance

For areas near salted roads or walkways:

Choose salt-tolerant plants like Rush and Sedge species
Use materials resistant to salt damage, such as certain types of stone or treated concrete
Install barriers to deflect salty runoff away from sensitive areas of the water feature

9. Stormwater management

Water features can be part of a larger stormwater management strategy:

Design rain gardens or bioswales that feed into the water feature
Use permeable surfaces around the feature to reduce runoff
Incorporate filtration systems to clean stormwater before it enters the main water body

10. Aesthetics

To ensure the water feature complements its surroundings:

Consider the architectural style of nearby buildings
Reflect the natural landscape of Wisconsin in your design choices
Use local materials where possible for authenticity
Think about how the feature will look in all seasons, not just in the summer

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